A Comparison of Conflict and Labeling Theory in the...

Many have attempted to explain gang involvement in todays society. However, there is an underlying activity of youth joining gangs that does not seem to have enough media coverage or thorough explanations. As the name suggests, youth gang membership is about the juvenile population creating and joining gangs. Research indicates that youth gang membership exists in contemporary north America (Bernburg et al. 2006; aLilly et al. 2011; Maclure and Sotelo 2004; Sims 1997; Wiley et al. 2013; Yoder et al. 2003). This paper will examine the factors associated with youth gang membership using Karl Marxs conflict theory and labeling theory in comparison. Although conflict theory helps explain why a troublesome economy and coming from a†¦show more content†¦This includes the practice of stop-and-frisk that is performed by police officers on potential suspects, or anyone for that matter because they can do it unwarranted. Moreover, the result can be innocent youth being interrogated by this means of intervention. Consequently, youth may internalize this label of a potential criminal which raises a key issue of labeling theory that explains future criminality and gang membership. As mentioned in the lecture, labels can be positive that result in a higher self-esteem. In this case, a stop-and-frisk on an innocent youth is a negative label that can not only lower the persons self-esteem, but result in a forced self-realization that they are a deviant. Therefore, government intervention can explain why youth join gangs in the context of labeling theory. Bernburg et al. (2006) implement how labeling theory not only applies to an individual youth; but also to the youths social network. Again, this can be visualized by the scenario of government intervention. Essentially, when government intervention of a juvenile individual creates a negative label, the youths social network is effected and can result in a collective-realization of being a deviant. Ultimately, this has a strong impact on how youth see themselves which triggers the self-fulfilling prophecy (aLilly et al. 2011). This means that the label, regardless of its validity, is internalized and acted upon. Thus in this context, the youth and the members of theirShow MoreRelatedThe Influence Of Social Influences On Development2076 Words   |  9 PagesBaltes, in his typology of social influences, discusses the idea that people develop within a particular context or setting. Development can occur in the context of family, school, friends, neighborhoods and so forth. Such settings can be influenced by social, economic, political, historical, and cultural factors. Individuals, therefore, are developing and changing, as the world is evolving. Baltes explains three different influences that have an impact on development. The first includes the history-gradedRead MoreWhat Are the Major Issues That Cause Inner City Youth to Join Gangs and Become Delinquent? Discuss Whether the New Labour Governmen t’s Policies Have Been Effective in Solving These Issues?8138 Words   |  33 Pagesmajor issues that cause inner city youth to join gangs and become delinquent? Discuss whether the New Labour Government’s policies have been effective in solving these issues? 2010 Project by: Alice Mutumba Student No: 05038460 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Summary The perception that gang culture in relation to youth crime is growing in the UK is intensified by the media, it is very rare to read a daily paper these days without coming across some mention of gang related crime. In order to understandRead MoreEssay on Criminological Theories13456 Words   |  54 PagesStudent Study Guide for Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers’ Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Applications Fourth Edition Prepared by Eric See Youngstown State University Roxbury Publishing Company Los Angeles, California 1 Student Study Guide by Eric See for Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Application , 4th Edition by Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers Copyright  © 2004 Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, CaliforniaRead MoreEssay about Gang Injunctions10585 Words   |  43 PagesEffectiveness and Constitutionality of Gang Injunctions Ryan Jacobsen* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 GENERAL STANDARD FOR ISSUING AN INJUNCTION .................................... 3 WHAT IS A CIVIL GANG INJUNCTION? ............................................................... 4 HISTORY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF GANG INJUNCTIONS ..................Read MoreIb History Rise of the Single State Parties6245 Words   |  25 Pages-try to put 4 points just in case one of ideas is wrong quote the source or paraphrase the source in answer *make sure answer is focused and succinct *don’t spend too much time on this question 1B = 5 min (2 marks) -identify key figures, symbols, labelings on the cartoon -describe these figures you found and put into the message *don’t spend too much time, focus 2 = 15 min (6 marks) -highlight key ideas -choose to make few notes on scrap paper = similarities and differences -you can have 3 compareRead MoreDeterminants of Violence in the Greek Football League a Case Study of Paok Fc Supporters13608 Words   |  55 Pagesaggression. In this chapter I will analyze theories and theoretical schemes about violent and delinquent behaviour in an attempt to present some theoretical considerations about violence in general and in sports as well. A first distinction as far as violent behaviour is concerned can be made between theories that aim to unveil the causes of violence and those that do not accept or are not interested in them. The theories that seek for the causes of violence can be analyzedRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesof society †¢ Charging two young bloggers in 2005 under the Sedition Act †¢ Will not tolerate malicious acts of racial discrimination †¢ Censorship is necessary to introduce some modicum of regulation, in the hope of diverting potential conflicts Govt regulated (social): †¢ Increased accessibility of information: greater exposure of undesirable material (GOOD) †¢ Demerit goods (ECONS) †¦ In a democratic government where vox populi is the instrument which elevates a select group to theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManaging Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Building Relationships by Communicating Supportively Gaining Power and Influence 279 Motivating Others 323 Managing Conflict 373 PART III GROUP SKILLS 438 8 Empowering and Delegating 439 9 Building Effective Teams and Teamwork 489 10 Leading Positive Change 533 PART IV SPECIFIC COMMUNICATION SKILLS 590 591 Supplement A Making Oral and Written PresentationsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageswith the Appropriate Precision .............................................................. 88 Being Ambiguous................................................................................................................................. 89 Context and Background Knowledge ........................................................................................... 90 Disambiguation by Machine ...................................................................................................Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesglobal balance of economic power. Many emerging markets continued to experience growth during a period in which developed countries saw their economies stagnate or decline. The global political environment remains volatile and uncertain, with ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and Africa and continuing tensions in Iran, North Korea, Iraq, and Afghanistan, especially as the U.S. role in these latter two countries evolves. On the economic front, failure to conclude important trade agreements, including

The Republic by Plato Essay - 5378 Words

The Republic by Plato At the beginning of Book I, we are introduced to the narrator, Socrates, and his audience of peers. We are made aware, however, of Socrates special charm and intellectual gifts through the insistence of Polemarchus and the other men for the pleasure of his company. The tone is casual and language and modes of expression rather simple, as is commonly the case in Platos dialogues. However, Platos unaffected style serves at least two purposes. For one it belies the complexity and elevation of the ideas, thus it is in accord with Socrates characteristic irony itself, which draws the quot;foolquot; in by feigned ignorance, only so that the master can show that he does not know what he thinks he knows. And second,†¦show more content†¦Socrates response (another question) clarifies his epistemology: quot;how can anyone answer who knows, and says that he knows, just nothingquot; What Socrates knows is incommunicable other than to say that he knows nothing. His philosophical speculat ions embody a process rather than a philosophy. That is, Socrates method is in accord with the nature of inquiry and of intellectual exploration itself: he is his style. And, acutely aware of this fact, Socrates repels every temptation toward dogma, characterized by Thrasymachus complaints. The second definition of justice, obedience to the interest of the stronger, is Thrasymachus veiled justification for tyranny (might is right), and is foreshadowed in his indecorous demand for payment. He is portrayed in sharp contrast to Socrates, who suggests that the stronger may not always know his own interest; therefore, at times, it is necessary for the weaker to disobey him. Socrates then successfully upsets the definition by demonstrating that, insofar as his role is an art, a ruler acts in the best interest of his subjects, as exemplified by the physician for his patients and the captain for his crew. Still unresolved, the debate moves into a second stage, where tyranny, or perfect injustice, and benevolent rule, or perfect justice, are evaluated against one another. Again, through a series of examples, Socrates prevails--the unjust mans pride and ambition are shown to be weaknesses,Show MoreRelatedThe Republic By Plato1341 Words   |  6 PagesIn book X of The Republic, Plato uses Socrates as his voice to discuss the topic of poetry in his ideal society. While he sees music and gymnastics as vital parts of society, he sees poetry as something that’s not only unnecessary, but also harmful. Glaucon is surprised by this and questions the reasons Socrates has this way of thinking. Socrates states that â€Å"all such poetry is likely to distort the thought of anyone who hears it, unless he has the knowledge of what it is really like†. Here, SocratesRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato2010 Words   |  9 Pages In The Republic, Plato presents a dialogue of Socrates, in whi ch he seeks to uncover truths about what constitutes a just society, and what kind of men would rule such a society. As such a society would require a sound government, Plato, through Socrates, presents five possible types of governments, which involve varying levels of liberty and justice. Although the arguments demonstrate that aristocracy is the ideal form of government, all forms of government have fatal flaws that lead to continualRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1412 Words   |  6 PagesIn Plato’s book, â€Å"The Republic†, there are many examples of rhetoric. In regards to the controversial topic of women and eugenics in which Plato is almost forced into mentioning because of Adeimantus and Glaucon, he uses various rhetorical statements to portray his view on the matter. His readers believe women should be equal, so Plato attempts to persuade his readers into thinking he believes the same. For example, in the passage on women and family Plato states, â€Å"we s hall assign these to each accordingly;Read MoreThe Republic by Plato1645 Words   |  7 Pages In Plato’s Republic Book 1, Thrasymachus argues that morality is the advantage of the stronger. To support his view, Thrasymachus first claims that the governments, which are the stronger parties, always pass laws based on their own interest, and then argues that subjects must always obey these laws, therefore morality is the advantage of the stronger. Socrates gives two sets of counter arguments. First, by differentiating apparent advantage and actual advantage to the stronger, SocratesRead MoreThe Republic by Plato1202 Words   |  5 Pagesupon, as explained by Socrates in Plato’s Republic. Throughout the eight books of Socratic dialogue the ideal state and ideas of justice are debated, on both individual and state levels. The guidelines for a perfect state and how it will come about are thoroughly described. Socrates covers every aspect of political life and ho w it should work stating that â€Å"until power and philosophy entirely coincide†¦ cities will have no rest form evils† . In Plato’s Republic Socrates emphasizes the superiority of theRead MoreThe Republic by Plato1411 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reading The Republic there are three main points that Plato had touched on. The first of these three points is that Plato is disheartened with democracy. It was due to Socrates’ untimely death during Athens’ democracy that led to his perception of the ideal state as referred to in The Republic. Plato perceived that the material greed was one of the many evils of politics; in Plato’s eyes greed was one of the worst evils of political life. Thus economic power must be separated from politicalRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1250 Words   |  5 Pages In his text, The Republic, Plato leads us through an elaborate thought experiment in which he creates the ideal city. Throughout The Republic Plato construc ts the laws and societal structures of what he deems will lead to a high functioning society. He names this city Kallipolis. A cornerstone of Kallipolis’ structure is Plato’s principle of specialization. The Principle of Specialization argues that each member of society must do the job in which he is best suited. Plato explains â€Å"The result,Read MoreThe Republic, By Plato1500 Words   |  6 PagesThis textual analysis will be based on the book â€Å"The Republic† by Plato, specifically the passage 475d-477a. The purpose of this essay is to analyze and evaluate the main concepts explored in the passage and their relation to the platonic political philosophy presented in â€Å"The Republic†. The essay will provide a summary of the passage, emphasizing the breakthroughs reached in the Socratic dialogue. The main points will then be singled out for a more in-depth review in order to see if the argumentsRead MoreThe Republic By Plato1385 Words   |   6 Pages In Book IV of The Republic, written by Plato, Socrates makes an argument for why an individual should strive to be just, or more importantly, why being just is more profitable than being unjust to the individual. The three parts of an individual: rational, spirited, and appetitive, must all strive to pursue truth in the just individual, but it is possible that this requirement may not be met while still profiting the individual. Through an analogy between justice in the city and justiceRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato1255 Words   |  6 Pageswas just beginning to surface as a notable substance within various societies. Athens, was perhaps, the greatest nesting ground of intellectual thought, and it hosted many great minds, such as Plato. While Plato is famous for many of his works, The Republic is the most read and circulated. In the Republic, Plato lays out two philosophical questions through a character named Socrates. Both questions re-occur as the foundation of dialogue among st other characters, such as Glaucon, Adeimantus, and Polemarchus

Did america do enought to help the jews in the hol Essay Example For Students

Did america do enought to help the jews in the hol Essay ocaustDid the Western World do enough for the Jews in thDescription of this essay : Western Civilization World War II Did the Western World do enough for the Jews in the Holocaust When they came for the gypsies, I did not speak, for I am not a gypsy. When they came for the JewDid the Western World do enough for the Jews in the HolocaustWhen they came for the gypsies, I did not speak, for I am not a gypsy. When they came for the Jews, I did not speak, because I wasn’t a Jew. When they came for the Catholics, I did not speak, for I am not a Catholic. And when they came for me, there was no one left to speak.-On the Wall at the Holocaust Museum in WashingtonIt is impossible to learn about the Holocaust and the Second World War without the question of how it possibly could have happened arising, and along with that question comes another. The question of whether or not the Western World did enough to help the Jews in Europe. What was their reaction to the campaign of systematic p ersecution, robbery and murder the Third Reich inflicted upon the Jewish people? During the time leading up to the outbreak of World War II, the Western Press consistently carried numerous reports of the German’s anti-Jewish policies and their purposeful victimization of the Jews living in Nazi Germany as well as the annexed territories. The general public cannot claim that they did not know what was going on, that they were uninformed. Whether or not they chose to believe it however, is a completely different story. The public were indeed outraged in many of the cases but the governments of the major European democracies felt that it was not for them to intervene for they felt that the Jewish problem classified as an internal affair within a sovereign state. The truth behind this is simply that the governments were anxious to establish cordial relations with Germany and didn’t want to cause any hostility. Thus they stood idly by and remained silent as Hitler went from denying the Jews of their civil rights to denying them of their means of earning their daily bread. As much as they wanted to remain neutral, the countries of the Western World were finally forced to take a stand on the issue of emigration of Jews from the Reich who were seeking refuge. The United States maintained strict immigration quotas which severely limited the number of Central and Eastern Europeans admitted to the country each year. Even under such extreme circumstances, the US insisted on adhering to these policies and refused to modify them even slightly. Great Britain proved to be merciless as they blocked entry into Palestine and limited the amount of entry permits. The states that had the ability to absorb the immigrants such as Australia, Canada and most countries of South America, accepted agricultural workers but denied entry to professionals, merchants and skilled artisans. There were actually protests in the US and Britain organized against the admission of immigr ant doctors. The President of the United States initiated the Evian Conference in 1938 in an attempt to find a means that would aid emigrants from Germany and Austria and enable their absorption elsewhere. Thirty-two countries sent delegates with hopes that a solution would be found however, it quickly became clear to all that the even the great powers who had initiated the conference were not willing to take any significant steps towards accepting the refugees. Despite the speeches and the appeals, no one country was willing to commit themselves to practical measures, the smaller countries following the example of the larger ones. An international committee was set up in London for refugee affairs but it lacked funding as well as a place towards where they could direct the refugees. It is evident here that it is not a lack of knowledge that something had to be done, but rather an unwillingness that prevented the Western World from helping the Jews. Words are just that, mere words, unless they are put into action. As a result, the Evian Conference is regarded as a complete failure. Once the war began, the comprehensive information regarding the conditions in Germany that the Western World had at one time been provided with, ceased. Still, news of the Einsatzgruppen ’s activities and the mass killings in the death camps found its way to the west. Up until the middle of the year 1942, the general tendency was to regard the consistent persecution of the Jews as just one part of the complex of oppression in the occupied countries. By the mid-1942 the horribly terrifying rumors about Hitler’s Final Solution as well as the operations and atrocities being conducted were confirmed. Once again the reactions of the United States and Britain, who were the major countries of the anti-Nazi alliance, were of horror and anger. The Jews put forth plans to combat the Nazis persecution of their people such as a demand for the exchange of Germans for Jews or the la unching of retaliation strikes against the Germans until the murders ceased. Not only were these proposals refused simple consideration, but there was not even a willingness to halt the formal procedures governing the transfer of dollars abroad which may have saved the lives of many Jews. All proposals which, if out into action, could have saved thousands of children and other victims, were submitted to administrations that merely contemplated rather than decided and thus, produced no tangible results. As Jews were fighting for their lives in Warsaw Ghetto, a conference of the major allies convened in Bermuda to consider the problem of refugees. As with the Evian Conference, no practical solutions were proposed, The only thing it did accomplish was an attempt at reviving the International Committee for Refugee Affairs, which had no executive powers. Finally, the conclusion of the Allies was that rescue would only be accomplished through a final victory over the Nazis. It was decided that in the meantime, no military action should be taken which was not part of the purely military-strategic plan. This policy was strictly adhered to and therefore no operation for relief or rescue was undertaken, even if such an action did not conflict with military objectives or require the use of military power. He who preserves one life, it as if he has preserved an entire world. The Talmud. Anytime the world stands idly by and remains silent as 6 000 000 worlds are shattered, not only did they fail to come up with a solution, but they became a part of the problem. Hitler attempted to erase an entire race of people, because of him there was a generation lost. My entire grandparents family was murdered and many of their friends still bear the numbers that were etched into their skin. They have endured nightmarish atrocities not fit for the world of the awake. They have been witness to ideas, thoughts and actions one would deny human being’s capability of even imagining. Their eyes have been robbed of their innocence after seeing sights that would cause anyone to shut them in fear and disgust but this was an option they did not have. Now you look into those eyes and you tell them that the Western World did all they could to help the Jews. Chapter XI: Of Prognostification EssayBibliography:

Eminem paper review Essay Example For Students

Eminem paper review Essay In like Eminem says, why all the fuss? featured in The Age journalist Shaun Carney defends Eminem and his lyrics. Carny stresses that Eminem winning the category should not be so controversial when Mathers is clearly depicting a role. His contention through out the article is to convince the reader to refrain from reaching to eminem, as a parody. Carny effectively seeks the neutral role during the story. He leans neither way. Carny signifies specific word choice and language devices to shock his audience and to create an underlying sense of non-prejudice, realistic view on society perhaps to open up the views of a small-minded prejudice race. Carnys headline is very striking it creates tension and almost gives a sense of obligation to the audience to read on. Carneys headline is used as a device to capture the readers immediate attention. This foreshadows the final remark made by Carny, so much for scandal, now leaving the reader with a question , a parallel between start and finish tightly constructing the article. This clever technique leaves the reader open handed and open-minded to think about the actual topic of the article. Though Carnys contention through-out the article is to suggest Eminem is Just Joking, he is not all, scared of presenting Marshall as not so nice explaining him as a 28 year old production of a peripatetic white-trash upbrining. Then contradicting himself saying Mathers all wounded and victimised by his sole-parent upbrining . Is this not a slight use of sarcasm? putting himself in the biased head of an out reaged parent. Carney conveys his opinion in a very structured way. He uses Eminem song ly rics to show that he is a role player and only joking, Im just playin ladies. You know I love you. Carney uses other examples to reassure people say the situations he raps about are just clownin. Although readers may not realise, Carney these more realistic, human-like comments as a source of evidence to back up his contention that eminem are not real, Marshall Mathers is an actor playing a role, ultimately just doing his job. Carneys clever style of writing indicates a strong point of view defending Eminem , but his style of writing has allowed the reader to make their own decision, giving a fair balance between good and bad. Eminem deals in some very sick stuff, no doubt about it, but again goes on to say, Eminem is a skillfull storyteller and role player. He also emphises that Slim Shady aka Eminem and the real person Marshall Mathers are two different people, he is the fictional character Slim Shady. Throughout the article Carney was subjected to use his own unique style of writing and word choice. The stress and harshness of some of his phrases and bitter sarcastic sentences, violent, homophobic, and misogynistic, and, his work is long, aggressive, revenge fantasy, although its not direct repition it sounds somewhat similar sounding. He shocks the audience with You dont want to f____ with shady or he will f____ you. The reader considers the songs thought provoking a decision and taking into consideration the harshness. He doesnt use language devices because its not a funny article. The tone and word choice gives us the impression that it is serious, no jokes here. Perhaps Carney relates to Eminem on a more personal level. There is modern exposure, and wide experience, he is a young writer, he is almost similar to them, he understands Eminem. This story is a collum of opinion not an editorial. Carnys use of irony makes his readers really think about Eminem and his lyrics, ..or another tune, cousin Dupree: about a man propositioning his young cousin, wins the album of the year grammy. Carney informs his audience that Eminems lyrics are not the only ones containing violent actions and language anyway Damn, how much damage can you do with a pen? Carney suggests that Eminem and his critics may be alike, Youll find the rapper, his critics and peers have a lot in common, its just that they despise him because of the way he sings is. Carney highlights that most of the music these days is the same anyway. Bibliography: